Kategoriarkiv: Crooked back

STEP4

8. juli 2011Crooked backurtehave_com

GENOPTRÆNING

[Back]

TRAINING LADDER FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS:
FOR CROOKED BACK
(SCOLIOSIS)

STEP 4

Instruction from the physiotherapist in correct back posture (ergonomic guidance) is important.

Unlimited: Cycling. Swimming. Running with increasing distance.

(10 min)


Lie on your back. Draw the injured leg up towards your head so that the muscles in the back of the thigh become increasingly stretched. Perform the exercise with outstretched as well as bent knee. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating. The exercise can also be performed standing with the injured leg outstretched on a chair while the upper body is bent slightly forwards.

Stand with support from the back of a chair or the wall. Using your hand, bend the knee and draw the foot up and your knee slightly backwards so that the muscles in the front of the thigh become increasingly stretched. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating. The exercise can also be done lying down. If you lie on your stomach you can draw the foot up by using a towel.

Lie on your back with one leg outstretched and the other bent with the foot on the other side of the outstretched leg. Draw the knee up towards the opposite shoulder so that the buttocks become increasingly stretched. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating.

Lie on your back with one leg over the other, and hold behind the lower leg’s knee. Draw the leg up towards your head so that the buttock on the upper leg becomes increasingly stretched. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating.

Lie on your back and draw your knee up towards your head while lifting your head so that your back becomes increasingly stretched. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating.

Stand with your hands on your hips and slowly sway your back, pushing slightly with the hands to increase the sway, so that the stomach muscles become increasingly stretched. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating.

Lie on your stomach. Rise up and support yourself on your elbows keeping your hip against the floor. Hold the position for 20 seconds. Rest for 20 seconds before repeating.

(5 min)

Seesaw. Balance on two legs, possibly using a hand as support against the wall, balancing subsequently on one leg without support. Look straight ahead and keep knees bent.

Lie on the floor on a cushion. Bend your knees. Lift your hands from the floor and keep your balance.

(20 min)


Lie on your stomach across a chair and bend both knees. Tighten your buttocks and lift your legs upwards.

Lie on your stomach across a chair with both feet supported under a tabletop. Lift both hands from the floor and hold the position for 2 seconds. Support with your hands for 2 seconds and repeat the exercise 10 times in quick succession.


Go down on all fours with elastic around one foot. Attach the elastic to the wall, lift the leg and draw the knee forwards so that the elastic is tightened.

Lie on your back and place your hands behind your neck. Alternately move your right elbow towards left knee, and left elbow towards right knee.


Lie on your stomach across a chair and bend both knees. Tighten your buttocks and lift your legs upwards.

Go down on all fours. Lift right arm and left leg and hold the position for a few seconds, followed by left arm and right leg and hold for a few seconds.

Lie on your back with bent knees. Lift one leg and stretch while at the same time lifting your hip from the floor.

Lie on your back with a ball or firm round cushion under both feet. Roll the ball backwards and forwards in a steady pace while lifting your backside.

Stretching is carried out in the following way: stretch the muscle group for 3-5 seconds. Relax for 3-5 seconds. The muscle group should subsequently be stretched for 20 seconds. The muscle is allowed to be tender, but must not hurt. Relax for 20 seconds, after which the procedure can be repeated.

The time consumed for stretching, coordination and strength training can be altered depending on the training opportunities available and individual requirements.

STEP3

8. juli 2011Crooked backurtehave_com

GENOPTRÆNING

[Back]

TRAINING LADDER FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS:
FOR CROOKED BACK
(SCOLIOSIS)

STEP 3

Instruction from the physiotherapist in correct back posture (ergonomic guidance) is important.

Unlimited: Cycling. Swimming. Running over short distances on a soft surface.

(10 min)


Lie on your back. Draw the injured leg up towards your head so that the muscles in the back of the thigh become increasingly stretched. Perform the exercise with outstretched as well as bent knee. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating. The exercise can also be performed standing with the injured leg outstretched on a chair while the upper body is bent slightly forwards.

Stand with support from the back of a chair or the wall. Using your hand, bend the knee and draw the foot up and your knee slightly backwards so that the muscles in the front of the thigh become increasingly stretched. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating. The exercise can also be done lying down. If you lie on your stomach you can draw the foot up by using a towel.

Lie on your stomach. Rise up and support yourself on your elbows keeping your hip against the floor. Hold the position for 20 seconds. Rest for 20 seconds before repeating.

(5 min)

Seesaw. Balance on two legs, possibly using a hand as support against the wall, balancing subsequently on one leg without support. Look straight ahead and keep knees bent.

Lie on the floor on a cushion. Bend your knees. Lift your hands from the floor and keep your balance.

(20 min)

Go down on all fours. Alternately lift and stretch the right and left legs, fully stretching the knee.


Lie on your stomach across a chair and bend both knees. Tighten your buttocks and lift your legs upwards.

Sit on a chair with a broom handle behind your back as shown in the sketch. Rotate from side to side at a steady pace.


Lie on your back with bent legs. Lift your hip from the floor and hold the position for 5 seconds. Rest for 5 seconds before repeating.


Go down on all fours with elastic around one foot. Attach the elastic to the wall, lift the leg and draw the knee forwards so that the elastic is tightened.

Lie on your back with bent knees. Lift one leg and stretch while at the same time lifting your hip from the floor.


Lie on your back and place your hands behind your neck. Move your head and knees towards each other. Remember not to pull on your neck during the exercise.

The time consumed for stretching, coordination and strength training can be altered depending on the training opportunities available and individual requirements.

STEP2

8. juli 2011Crooked backurtehave_com

GENOPTRÆNING

[Back]

TRAINING LADDER FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS:
FOR CROOKED BACK
(SCOLIOSIS)

STEP 2

Instruction from the physiotherapist in correct back posture (ergonomic guidance) is important.

Unlimited: Cycling. Swimming. Light jogging on a soft surface.

(10 min)


Lie on your back. Draw the injured leg up towards your head so that the muscles in the back of the thigh become increasingly stretched. Perform the exercise with outstretched as well as bent knee. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating. The exercise can also be performed standing with the injured leg outstretched on a chair while the upper body is bent slightly forwards.

Stand with support from the back of a chair or the wall. Using your hand, bend the knee and draw the foot up and your knee slightly backwards so that the muscles in the front of the thigh become increasingly stretched. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating. The exercise can also be done lying down. If you lie on your stomach you can draw the foot up by using a towel.

Lie on your stomach. Rise up and support yourself on your elbows keeping your hip against the floor. Hold the position for 20 seconds. Rest for 20 seconds before repeating.

(5 min)

Seesaw. Balance on two legs, possibly using a hand as support against the wall, balancing subsequently on one leg without support. Look straight ahead and keep knees bent.

Lie on the floor on a cushion. Bend your knees. Lift your hands from the floor and keep your balance.

(15 min)

Go down on all fours. Alternately lift and stretch the right and left legs, fully stretching the knee.

Lie on your stomach on the floor with your arms above your head and with outstretched legs. Lift right arm and left leg together, changing to lift left arm and right leg together.


Lie on your stomach across a chair and bend both knees. Tighten your buttocks and lift your legs upwards.

Sit on a chair with a broom handle behind your back as shown in the sketch. Rotate from side to side at a steady pace.

Lie on your stomach. Rise up and support yourself on your elbows keeping your hip against the floor. Hold the position for 20 seconds. Rest for 20 seconds before repeating.


Go down on all fours with elastic around one foot. Attach the elastic to the wall, lift the leg and draw the knee forwards so that the elastic is tightened.

Lie on your back with your hands on your chest. Bend your knees and lift your upper body up from the floor while keeping the small of your back against the floor the whole time.

The time consumed for stretching, coordination and strength training can be altered depending on the training opportunities available and individual requirements.

STEP1

8. juli 2011Crooked backurtehave_com

GENOPTRÆNING

[Back]

TRAINING LADDER FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS:
FOR CROOKED BACK
(SCOLIOSIS)

STEP 1

Instruction from the physiotherapist in correct back posture (ergonomic guidance) is important.

Unlimited: Cycling. Swimming.

(10 min)


Lie on your back. Draw the injured leg up towards your head so that the muscles in the back of the thigh become increasingly stretched. Perform the exercise with outstretched as well as bent knee. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating. The exercise can also be performed standing with the injured leg outstretched on a chair while the upper body is bent slightly forwards.

Stand with support from the back of a chair or the wall. Using your hand, bend the knee and draw the foot up and your knee slightly backwards so that the muscles in the front of the thigh become increasingly stretched. Hold the position for 20 seconds and relax for 20 seconds before repeating. The exercise can also be done lying down. If you lie on your stomach you can draw the foot up by using a towel.

Lie on your stomach. Rise up and support yourself on your elbows keeping your hip against the floor. Hold the position for 20 seconds. Rest for 20 seconds before repeating.

(5 min)

Seesaw. Balance on two legs, possibly using a hand as support against the wall, balancing subsequently on one leg without support. Look straight ahead and keep knees bent.

Lie on the floor on a cushion. Bend your knees. Lift your hands from the floor and keep your balance.

(15 min)

Sit on a chair with slightly curved back. Thrust your stomach forward and hold the sway-backed position.

Lie on your stomach across a table or chair and support with both arms on the floor. Raise one arm from the floor and hold the position for approx. 10 seconds. Change arm.

Sit on a chair with a broom handle behind your back as shown in the sketch. Rotate from side to side at a steady pace.


Lie on your back with knees bent and arms stretched out to your sides. Keeping your feet together, move your knees alternately right and left while looking in the opposite directions.

Stand with your side against a wall. Support with your shoulder against the wall and press your hip in to the wall for 10 seconds. Rest for 10 seconds before repeating.

Lie on your stomach with both arms above your head. Lift your upper body.

The time consumed for stretching, coordination and strength training can be altered depending on the training opportunities available and individual requirements.

Treatment-a4

8. juli 2011Crooked backurtehave_com

SportNetDoc

Athletic activity after spine surgery in children and adolescents: results of a survey.

Rubery PT, Bradford DS. Spine 2002 Feb 15;27(4):423-7

STUDY DESIGN: Questionnaire-based survey. OBJECTIVES: To poll the members of the Scoliosis Research Society regarding their opinions and experience with athletic activity after spine surgery performed on children and adolescents. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Athletic activity is increasingly important in society. Patients are very concerned about returning to sports and exercise after spinal surgery. There are no generally accepted guidelines for surgeons regarding either appropriate sports or the appropriate time to resume sports after spinal surgery. METHODS: A survey was designed by the authors and reviewed by a statistical consultant. The form was mailed to the 721 individuals on the Scoliosis Research Society mailing list. Returned surveys were hand scored and entered into an Excel spreadsheet. RESULTS: Of the 316 forms returned, 278 indicated that the respondent performed spinal fusion on children and adolescents. Two hundred sixty-one completed forms, representing approximately 45% of the society’s estimated active clinicians, were reviewed. Formal physical therapy was unlikely to be recommended by members of the society regardless of procedure, although postoperative home exercise was used by many after spondylolisthesis fusion. The majority of patients were returned to gym class between 6 months and 1 year (range, immediate to never) after surgery. Most respondents returned patients to noncontact sports between 6 months and 1 year postoperatively. Contact sports were generally withheld until 1 year after surgery. Close to 20% of respondents required, and 35% suggested, that patients never return to collision sports. Twenty percent of respondents for scoliosis and 5% for spondylolisthesis reported having notable adverse outcomes attributed to athletic activity. CONCLUSION: These survey results show the varying approaches taken by members of the Scoliosis Research Society to postoperative athletic activity, and they provide a starting point for investigations regarding alternative approaches.

Treatment-a3

8. juli 2011Crooked backurtehave_com

SportNetDoc

Idiopathic scoliosis and spondylolysis in the female athlete. Tips for treatment.

Omey ML, Micheli LJ, Gerbino PG 2nd. Clin Orthop 2000 Mar;(372):74-84

Idiopathic scoliosis and spondylolysis can be common back problems in female athletes. Diagnosis and treatment can be difficult. With the notable trend toward increasing participation of women and girls in organized sports, it is necessary to know which sports carry additional risks for participants to have these two conditions develop and to determine treatment modalities. In general, idiopathic scoliosis is more prevalent in females and even may be higher in the athletes. Treatment options may include observation, the use of a brace, and surgery. In determining treatment, the type of sport and caliber of athlete must be considered in conjunction with the severity of the curve. Spondylolysis or a stress fracture of the posterior vertebral elements can be a common cause of back pain in an athlete. In many sports that are dominated by females (gymnastics, dancing, figure skating), the athletes carry a high risk of having spondylolysis or a stress fracture. Knowing the risk factors permits precise diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Treatment options include the use of a brace and surgery. In the current study, an extensive review of the literature in conjunction with the extensive experience of a well-established sports medicine clinic at the authors’ institution is presented.

Treatment-a2

8. juli 2011Crooked backurtehave_com

SportNetDoc

Recommendations for participation in sports by patients with idiopathic scoliosis

Hopf C, Felske-Adler C, Heine J. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 1991 Mar-Apr;129(2):204-7

Presented is the recommendation of the “Arbeitskreis Skoliose” of the DGOT concerning the sporting activities for juvenile patients suffering from an idiopathic scoliosis. The main points of this concept are the desirable active participation in school sport activities and the ascertainment that restrictions are not necessary in scolioses up to 21 degrees. A special recommendation for operated patients predicates the begin of sport activities after one year postoperatively. The kind of sport must be recommended by the surgeon, high-performance sports cannot be tolerated in those patients. Precondition for these recommendations are regularly physical examinations by the orthopedic physician and standardized x-rays in standing position

Treatment-a1

8. juli 2011Crooked backurtehave_com

SportNetDoc

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Roach JW. Orthop Clin North Am 1999 Jul;30(3):353-65, vii-viii

Because of the relatively recent understanding of the untreated natural history of idiopathic scoliosis, many patients do not require treatment and are simply observed. Immature patients whose curves are between 25 degrees and 40 degrees are at high risk for further progression and should be treated with a brace. Seventy percent to 80% of the time, the patient can expect that the brace will prevent further progression. Curves in growing children greater than 40 degrees require a spinal fusion. Modern scoliosis surgery provides excellent correction of deformity and allows immediate ambulation without a cast or brace. This article reviews the diagnosis, cause, and treatment recommendations for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Examination-a1

8. juli 2011Crooked backurtehave_com

SportNetDoc

Utility of three-dimensional and multiplanar reformatted computed tomography for evaluation of pediatric congenital spine abnormalities.

Newton PO, Hahn GW, Fricka KB, Wenger DR. Spine 2002 Apr 15;27(8):844-50

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective radiographic review of 31 patients with congenital spine abnormalities who underwent conventional radiography and advanced imaging studies was conducted. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the utility of three-dimensional computed tomography with multiplanar reformatted images for congenital spine anomalies, as compared with plain radiographs and axial two-dimensional computed tomography imaging. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Conventional radiographic imaging for congenital spine disorders often are difficult to interpret because of the patient’s small size, the complexity of the disorder, a deformity not in the plane of the radiographs, superimposed structures, and difficulty in forming a mental three-dimensional image. Multiplanar reformatted and three-dimensional computed tomographic imaging offers many potential advantages for defining congenital spine anomalies including visualization of the deformity in any plane, from any angle, with the overlying structures subtracted. METHODS: The imaging studies of patients who had undergone a three-dimensional computed tomography for congenital deformities of the spine between 1992 and 1998 were reviewed (31 cases). All plain radiographs and axial two-dimensional computed tomography images performed before the three-dimensional computed tomography were reviewed and the findings documented. This was repeated for the three-dimensional reconstructions and, when available, the multiplanar reformatted images (15 cases). In each case, the utility of the advanced imaging was graded as one of the following: Grade A (substantial new information obtained), Grade B (confirmatory with improved visualization and understanding of the deformity), and Grade C (no added useful information obtained). RESULTS: In 17 of 31 cases, the multiplanar reformatted and three-dimensional images allowed identification of unrecognized malformations. In nine additional cases, the advanced imaging was helpful in better visualizing and understanding previously identified deformities. In five cases, no new information was gained. The standard and curved multiplanar reformatted images were best for defining the occiput-C1-C2 anatomy and the extent of segmentation defects. The curved multiplanar reformatted images were especially helpful in keeping the spine from “coming in” and “going out” of the plane of the image when there was significant spine deformity in the sagittal or coronal plane. The three-dimensional reconstructions proved valuable in defining failures of formation. CONCLUSIONS: Advanced computed tomography imaging (three-dimensional computed tomography and curved/standard multiplanar reformatted images) allows better definition of congenital spine anomalies. More than 50% of the cases showed additional abnormalities not appreciated on plain radiographs or axial two-dimensional computed tomography images. Curved multiplanar reformatted images allowed imaging in the coronal and sagittal planes of the entire deformity.

PHOTO

8. juli 2011Crooked backurtehave_com